唐代兽首提梁象鼻腿铜灯赏析

　　邹建平  马冰

　　那是在一个赤日炎炎的盛夏一天，应朋友之邀到洪都滕王阁古玩市场一家古董店里看几件青铜器，在店老板的热情接待下，摩挲品鉴了青铜器一阵子，感觉不怎么样，正想要离开店里时，忽然在门右侧橱窗一角见有一件古朴的多足铜灯，我顿时停下脚步，并提出麻烦老板打开柜门将此物拿出来看看，老板当然高兴。在对这件铜灯的造型、纹饰和锈斑、皮色等一一加以审视后，我认定这是一件古物，是唐、宋时代流行的一种兽首提梁铜灯。最后，我的朋友以不很高的价当即买下，总算不虚此行。

　　该铜灯口径12.5厘米，腿高5.5米，灯盘深3厘米，通高20厘米(图1)。口平沿，呈六瓣葵花形(图2)。浅腹，腹下近底部对应铸接六只外撇形象鼻腿，腿根部为象首，双目突出，长鼻沿细腿向下展延后卷起(图3)。六腿之间的外腹处还铆接有六组套链，每组套链由3个大小不等圆环构成。提梁上端提手为扁平弓形，表面光素无纹，惟两端为龙首，龙首下分置有两组套链与腹部上的相对应的两组套链对接，只惜现已断脱，收藏者将其用铜丝套接。外底中间部位竖排模印一行似五字铭文，曰：“周王口口口”(图4)，后三字待考。这显然是铸造此铜灯的匠师名字，带有广告式商标字号的意义。

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